W.l Riggs Family History of Carlsbad New Mexico

Eddy Canton New Mexico

Genealogy and History

County History

Eddy County is located in Southeastern New Mexico; bordered to the Westward by Otero County, the North past Chaves County, the E by Lea County and to the S, by the State of Texas. The canton was named for cattle rancher Charles B. Eddy.

Long before Charles Eddy came along, the area was home to other groups and tribes of people. Around 25,000 BC, the people living in the surface area of Eddy County were relatives of "Sandia Man". Nomadic hunters wandered the area, hunting buffalo and other game, over the adjacent several yard years.

In the 1300's, a more sedentary grouping of people called "Handbasket Makers" settled in the caves effectually Boil County and in pit houses, West of the Pecos River. In the early on 1500'due south, Spanish Explorers Alvar Nunez, Cabeza de Vaca, Antonio Espéjo and Castaño de Sosa, traveled through nowadays day Eddy Canton, following the life giving Pecos.

In 1866, Charles Goodnight and Oliver Loving drove vast herds of cattle along the Pecos and gear up "moo-cow camps" in Vii Rivers and what is nowadays 24-hour interval Carlsbad. John Chisum before long joined them and brought an estimated 100,000 caput of cattle of his own through the Pecos Valley.

In 1881, Charles B. Boil came to the area, and with his brother, John, and partner Amos Bissell, developed the Eddy-Bissell Cattle Company. In 1884 the Eddy brothers and Bissell bankrupt ground on the Halagueno Ranch which encompassed an area from Seven Rivers to La Huerta (a suburb of Carlsbad). In 1887, Eddy congenital the Halagueno diversion ditch on the Pecos, 3 miles to a higher place the site of the Avalon Dam (which was completed in 1890) and incorporated the venture, calling it the Pecos Valley State and Ditch Company. Boil was looking to entice Europeans to settle the area and with the new Halagueno Ranch and the Pecos Valley Country and Ditch Company established, he sought funds from a Swiss bank to help attract them to the make clean air and sunny climate.

During the 1890s, evolution was fueled by the arrival of colonies of immigrants from England, Switzerland, France and Italian republic. The original settlement bore the proper name of Charles B. Eddy, co-owner of the Eddy-Bissell Livestock Visitor. The cattleman recognized the value of diverting water from the Pecos River to the grazing lands on his Halagueno Ranch, which included present-day Carlsbad.

In 1888, Eddy arranged for the careful layout of streets in the new town and planted young cottonwood copse to line them.

When the territorial legislature set the boundaries of Eddy County, in 1889, Seven Rivers was named the county seat. (In 1889, New Mexico was non a state withal. Statehood was granted in 1911.) In 1890, Eddy was at present a competitor for county seat. During an ballot that year for new canton commissioners, a referendum was on the ballot to change the seat from Seven Rivers to Eddy. The referendum passed past a vote of 331 to 83. In that year, the demography said Boil had only 278 people and they cast 241 of the winning votes. The referendum likewise included the building of a courthouse. Charles Eddy donated the state which consisted of an entire town cake. The county commissioners authorized a contract for $30,000 to build a brick courthouse. It was constructed in the Victorian style of the twenty-four hour period. The courthouse was enlarged in 1914 (East Fly added) and once more in 1939, when it was also remodeled in the stucco covered, Pueblo Style, which information technology is today. In 1899, the boondocks of Eddy decided to alter the name to Carlsbad, after the famous European health resort, Karlsbad, Bohemia (now the Czech republic), equally both towns had identical, mineral rich, springs. By 1892, the paper reported that the town company had planted 12,000 copse.

Lots were sold for $50 to $400 each. Because the town's benefactor was determined to create a model temperance community, restrictions against the manufacture or auction of alcoholic beverages were inserted into the deeds of each lot. A small satellite community of saloons and prostitutes flourished for a while in what was known as "Phenix," s of the tee-totaling Eddy Township.

Former Lincoln County Sheriff Pat Garrett (famous for gunning down Billy the Kid in 1881) first envisioned an ambitious development project to harness the valley's h2o resources with a series of dams and canals for irrigation. He brought promoter Charles Due west. Greene to the Halagueno Ranch to meet Eddy, who soon recognized that more capital was needed for such a venture. Later, Robert W. Tansill introduced Eddy to millionaire James J. Hagerman, who became a primary investor in the Pecos Irrigation and Improvement Visitor. Unfortunately, Garrett was edged out of the new partnership.

Eddy, known as the "Pearl of the Pecos," began as a company town for the massive irrigation and existent estate evolution business organization. Hagerman and his partners shortly formed their ain corporation and took over the enterprise. Fundamental to the growth of the area were special excursion trains that brought visitors from the east at reduced fares. Even before the railroad was completed from Pecos in 1891, travel parties were met at the railroad station in Toyah, Texas and driven by buggy 90 miles over a rough, dusty road to this small just growing settlement on the banks of the Pecos River.

By March 1893, the newspaper reported that in that location were eleven visiting millionaires in Eddy. All were attracted here by the prospect of highly assisting investments. Before long after the town of Eddy was incorporated in 1893, a disastrous inundation swept away the Avalon and Tansill dams, the original wooden irrigation flume, and the Greene Street bridge. The irrigation organisation was promptly rebuilt, but the town'due south boom period had ended. By 1899, residents voted to alter the town's name from Eddy to Carlsbad, after the Karlsbad Spa in Czechoslovakia. The inspiration for the renaming was a large leap near the flume which reportedly had mineral qualities similar to the famous European health resort.

The town constructed a showtime-grade hotel to provide lodging for the wealthy visitors arriving past train. The Hagerman Hotel, a two-story, 60-room lodging house, was located on the southwest corner of Canyon and Mermod streets, facing the courthouse square.

In 1918 Carlsbad officially became a city when New Mexico Governor Westward. E. Lindsay granted the town permission to incorporate, since the population had surpassed two,000. Today, Carlsbad owes its world fame to Carlsbad Caverns National Park, which lies xx miles to the southwest.

Loving, New United mexican states is a farming and ranching community ten miles Southward East of Carlsbad. It was first named Vaud in 1893 by a group of Swiss Settlers who imported Italian Laborers to work on theri farms.

Jan 21, 1911 New Mexico voters went to the polls and approved a Constitution for statehood, the vote was in favor 31,742 to thirteen,399 .
Feb 24, 1911 President Taft asked for Congress to approve the Constitution for statehood. The House passed information technology but the Sentate would take until August to corroborate the constitution past a vote of 53 -eighteen November vii, 1911 The Country of New Mexico holds an election to elect the outset officials.
January 6, 1912 President William Howard Taft signed the proclamation making New Mexico the 47th State of the Union.
[Source: New Mexico Bluish Book, New Mexico Struggle for Statehood, LBradford Prince,Report of the Governor of New Mexico to the Secretary of the Interior Past New Mexico. Governor, The states. Dept. of the Interior, Laws passed by the General Assembly of the Territory of New Mexico, A concise history of New United mexican states Past Le Businesswoman Bradford Prince.]

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Since 1891 the officers of Eddy county have been as follows :

1891-two: Probate judge, clerk, Thomas Fennessey ; sheriff, David Fifty. Kemp ; treasurer, Due west. F. Cochran ; assessor, J. D. Walker : county commissioners, Daniel H. Lucas (chairman), Bart T. Whitaker (Harry S. Church building appointed to succeed Whitaker in May, 1891), C. H. McLenathan.

1893-4: Judge, James A. Tomlinson ; clerk, Thomas Fennessey; sheriff, David 50. Kemp; assessor, John D. Walker; treasurer, Harry P. Brown; commissoners, William A. Finley (chairman), Thomas Gardner, George W. Witt.

1895-vi: Judge, Ananias Green; clerk, W. R. Owen: sheriff, J. D. Walker; assessor, West. F. Cochran; treasurer, South. T. Bitting; commissioners, R. Southward. Cameron (chairman; resigned in October, 1895), U. S. Batcman (appointed to succeed Cameron; elected chairman), Frank Reinholdt. George Chiliad. Monroe.

1897-8: Estimate, Ananias Green; clerk, Due west. R. Owen; sheriff, J. L. Dow; assessor, West. F. Cochran; treasurer, S. T. Bitting; commissioners, North. Cunningham (chairman), Frank Reinholdt, George M. Monroe,

1899-1900: Judge, Ananias Greenish; clerk, Due west. R. Owen: sheriff, One thousand. C. Stewart; assessor, W. F. Cochran : treasurer. John F. Matheson ; commissioners, N. Cunningham ( chairman), George Wilcox, Northward. W. Weaver.

1901-2: Approximate, Ananias Dark-green; clerk, W. R. Owen; sheriff, G. C. Stewart; assessor, Joseph T. Fanning; treasurer, J. D. Walker; commissioners, J. H. James (chairman), George Wilcox, N. West. Weaver.

1903-4: Estimate, Ananias Green; clerk, W. R. Owen; sheriff, N. C. Stewart; assessor, John O. McKeen; treasurer, J. D. Walker; commissioners, J. H. James (chairman), George Wilcox, Due north. W. Weaver.

1905-six:  Judge, Ananias Green; clerk, Due west. R. Owen; sheriff, Yard. C. Stewart, assessor, J. L. Emerson ; treasurer, J. D. Walker ; commissioners, Allen C. Heard (chairman),- George Wilcox, N. W. Weaver.

Towns
The principal towns of the county lie in the rich valley of the Pecos, on the line of the Pecos Valley and Northeastern Railroad, and in the midst of a productive agricultural commune. In fact, it is doubtful whether at that place is a effectively agricultural country in the Territory than about Carlsbad (formerly Eddy), the canton seat; Lake View, Dayton, Lakewood and the valleys of Black, Seven and Penasco rivers mostly. Carlsbad is a well built and regulated town of well-nigh 1,500 people, its site beingness a rolling mesa. It contains substantial business concern blocks, graded streets, mile upon mile of shade trees and irrigation ditches, and a model court house, costing $30,000. When the town site company laid out the place the first pressing business was the location and building of school houses, and its several commodious structures devoted to the cause of public instruction indicate that practical interest in this municipal section has non flagged. Perhaps the greatest source of pride, afterward its irrigation and public schoolhouse systems, is in the matter of shade trees. Vii Rivers, the oldest boondocks in the county, was moved to McMillan, at the mouth of Seven rivers, in 1894. Later McMillan was rechristened Lakewood, which is also called the White Town. Amidst other attractions which it presents to visitors is a big artificial lake to the east, formed past damning the Pecos river, which abounds in fish, although its primary object is to gargle the next lands. About four miles from Lakewood is the one-time town and settlement of Seven Rivers, which was established in 1878. 7 Rivers is noted in the history of the Territory considering of the Indian fights which occurred there in 1882-83, also of its connectedness with the notorious outlaw, "Baton the Kid." The raids of both parties were a nifty disturbance to the peace of this part of the country at that time. A militia company was formed for protection against them, and the ruins may yet be seen of the old adobe house which they used for a fort and for the storage of guns and ammunition. Three members of the company however live in the vicinity of Lakewood. Viii miles due south of Artesia, virtually the confluence of the Penasco with the Pecos and on the line of the railroad, is the quickly growing piddling city of Dayton. Although it was merely three years agone that J. C. Day filed upon the tract of government state which is at present the boondocks site, the place has two churches, a public schoolhouse, a good hotel, a weekly paper, and all the concern and social accessories of a flourishing customs. Information technology is in the artesian chugalug, but the surrounding farms are not dependent upon its wells for irrigation, as the waters of the Penasco are already "ditched" and systematically utilized.

The outset record of settlement here is that of a man of the name of J. T. Truitt, who was a Union soldier and had a homestead embracing the nowadays town site. He proved upwards after a year's residence hither and sold the holding to Frank Rheinboldt, who afterward sold it to Mrs. Robert on the 18th of Jan, 1900. In 1901 Messrs. Richer, Hamilton Maddox and J. Mack Smith purchased eighty acres from J. R. Ray and later on laid out the town of Artesia in January, 1903. The land was platted and the work of building the boondocks and securing immigration was begun. There was an onetime siding on the railroad called Miller and the post part, when established, was named Stegman, but the town was called Artesia and later all took the concluding proper name. Mr. Richey was president of the company, suggested the proper name and is chosen "the father of Artesia." The newly organized company was known as the Artesia Town Site Visitor, with Mr. Richey as president, Harry Hamilton as treasurer and J. Mack Smith secretary. A brusk time afterwards the organization of this company another visitor bought one hundred and threescore acres westward of this property, operating under the name of the Artesia Improvement Company, the incorporators being E. A. Clayton, John Hodges, J. A. Cottingham and S. P. Denning. These two companies together drilled the first well of the boondocks site, it existence completed in July, 1903. This gave life to the town, which has steadily grown from that time forrard until at that place is now a population of almost fourteen hundred. Drilling for h2o was purely an experiment at that fourth dimension and has proved non simply a great boon to Artesia, but to the surrounding country equally well, showing that water could be obtained in that way in this district.

A company known equally the El Verde Grande Improvement Company, of which John Richey was president, had drilled a well in 1901 on Dr. firefighter's land, vii miles northeast of Artesia. A large flow was obtained. A good portion of this menses was lost by losing the tools in the well. This well demonstrated that a large catamenia could be obtained in that portion of the valley. This well was nine hundred and seventy-two feet deep. The town of Artesia was incorporated in January, 1905, and the get-go town board elected was A. Five. Logan, chairman, who later resigned and was succeeded by Mr. Richey ; J. C. Gage, George P. Cleveland and Due east. B. Kemp. This board was beginning appointed and in Apr, 1905, the ballot was held and the higher up named were chosen by regular ballot. The election of April. 1906, resulted in the choice of J. C. Beckham as chairman, while Messrs. Crandall, Enfield, McBride and Baskom became trustees. As has been indicated, Mr. Richey has been closely associated with the development and improvement of the town from its inception. He is president of the Pecos Valley Immigration Company, with offices in Artesia, which has washed much for the building. of the boondocks by setting forth the natural resources and advantages of the district and inducing immigrants to locate here. He has brought over twelve hundred people to the town on excursions since the fall of 1905 and is laboring earnestly and effectively toward making the state known, that settlers may exist induced to locate here and develop its rich agricultural and horticultural resource and reclaim the one time wild district for the uses of culture.

H. Due west. Hamilton was 1 of the owners of the original town site of Artesia of eighty acres, having individually thirty acres, while John Richey owned ten acres and J. Mack Smith forty acres. On the 15th of January, 1903, these 3 gentlemen laid out the town of Artesia and before the plat had been completed they had sold lots to the value of grand dollars. Mr. Hamilton had previously been in Colorado as manager for the Carnegie Phipps works at Alamosa, where he spent ix years, and in 1896 he made his style to Carlsbad, New Mexico, to look at the country and decide upon its bewitchery as a place of location and investment. He settled at Roswell on the Cunningham farm, which was later purchased past George M. Slaughter, and in 1897 he invested near the present site of Artesia on what was then known, as the Miller switch. Ten men pooled interests and together sent to Chicago, purchasing a $3,500 well rig. They put down a well on Dr. Breeman's claim, got water, and later that the well rig continued to drill in the vicinity. Being assured of the artesian belt from indications already found, Mr. Hamilton and his associates determined to build a town hither and organized the Artesia Town Site Company, with Mr. Hamilton as its president, John Richey vice-president, and J. Mack Smith secretary and treasurer. The Artesia Town Site Companv combined with the Artesia Improvement Company, which endemic all of the city west of Rose avenue, in putting downwards the town well in 1903, and together they organized the Artesia Water, Power and Light Company. Mr. Hamilton acted as president of this visitor for some time, or until recently, when he sold his interest therein and became a leading stockholder in the Artesia Telephone Company, which was organized past the two town site companies and has the following officers: H. W. Hamilton, president; D. W. Runyan, vice-president ; and Floy Richey Hamilton, secretary and treasurer. The company has established a system throughout die metropolis with 1 hundred and sixty 'phones and long distance connections with Carlsbad and Roswell. They also own a line to Promise, to exist extended to Cloudcroft for El Paso connections. Mr. Hamilton was manager of the Slaughter ranch, nigh Roswell, for seven years, just since Nov, 1904, has resided in Artesia and has brought to bear the forces of an enterprising, progressive nature in the development of the town into which he and his associates are introducing every mod improvement and equipment, until the town vies in its conveniences and advantages with the old towns of the eastward. and. in fact, is in many respects superior to municipalities of long standing. Mr. Hamilton was married April xv, 1896, at Roswell to Miss Floy Richey, daughter of John Richey. Their children are : William R., Harry B., John C. and a baby.

John R. Hodges, secretary and treasurer of the Artesia Improvement Company, has been an important gene in the work of general comeback and in Artesia and various localities are seen tangible evidences of his life of activity and the results of his business organization discernment and enterprise. In the fall of 1897 he came from Texas to New Mexico, settling at Roswell, where he entered the employ of R. 50. Moss, a druggist, with' whom he continued for a year every bit a clerk, when he purchased the store and there developed a good business, which he conducted until 1903, when he sold to Daniel Brothers. He was graduated from the University of Texas in the pharmaceutical department in 18ij6. and was thus well qualified for his mercantile operations. On selling his store he became continued with the Artesia Comeback Company, which was organized July 25, 1903, and incorporated under the laws of the Territory. This company purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land, constituting the former homestead of John F. Boyle, lying westward of Ross avenue. After securing this state the company laid it off as a boondocks site in conjunction with the similar work of the Artesia Boondocks Site Visitor. They commencement subdivided forty acres into town lots, called the. Clayton and Stegman improver, but the rapid growth of the boondocks caused them soon to lay off the one hundred and xx acres as the Artesia Comeback Company addition. The officers of this visitor are : J. A. Cottingham, president ; S. P. Denning, vice-president ; John R. Hodges, secretarial assistant and treasurer; and E. A. Clayton, manager. They were all Roswell people, who came to Artesia when they saw the advantages of the country and recognized its possibilities for development. The 2 land companies in Artesia organized a company known as the Artesia Water, Power and Light Company and put down the boondocks well, which was the 2nd well put downward in this part of the valley, which was a not bad boon to the entire countryside.

There was little hope for rapid or substantial development in the boondocks before water was struck, but this gave nifty impetus to its growth. People flocked in here in cracking numbers and the town has enjoyed a rapid and substantial advancement. At the present time Mr. Hodges is engaged in developing Lake Arthur, a boondocks 9 miles north of Artesia. He went to that locality in the fall of 1904 and was i of the organizers of the town. The Lake Arthur Town Site Company was formed by Mr. Hodges, C. L. Higday, East. C. Cook, J. S. Venable, J. R. Blair and H. H. Sigman; the present members of the company are H. H. Sigman, Elizabeth Hodges and John R. Hodges. The work has been carried on at Lake Arthur in the same manner as information technology was in Artesia in. the early on days of this boondocks. The visitor offset put down a boondocks well, going down ten hundred and xx-four feet for h2o. The town site was the original desert entry of Tillman Furr. Mr. Hodges is now successfully engaged in disposing of town lots in Lake Arthur, and as a promoter has washed effective and far-reaching work for the Territory. He is also the secretary, treasurer and manager of the Artesia Water, Ability and Calorie-free Visitor, of which J. Mack Smith is president and Southward. P. Denning vice-president. Mr. Hodges has fabricated a close study of town edifice, has thoroughly acquainted himself with the natural resources of the country and its possibilities and his efforts have been directed along practical lines, producing fantabulous results.

George P. Cleveland, whose advent in the Territory dates from 1869, in that year drove to New Mexico a agglomeration of cattle from Blanco county, Texas, afterward which he returned to the Lone Star state. In 1893 he again came to the valley from Coleman countv, Texas, only plant no sufficient h2o supply and and so returned to Texas; but in 1900, later on the artesian belt had been bodacious, he came over again and located at Roswell. He was engaged in business organisation in that vicinity until Oct 16. 1902, when he located at Artesia, one mile e of where the town now stands. He took up 3 hundred and xx acres of state and began improvements there. In March, 1903, he established a real manor business under the proper name of the Cleveland Country Agency, and has since devoted his energies to the purchase and sale of property, negotiating many important realty transfers. He has five hundred and sixty acres of land six miles due south of Artesia, which he is actively engaged in improving, and has already transformed information technology into a productive holding, which is constantly appreciating in value. He has made a careful report of the artesian supply from a geological standpoint and has prepared an article showing the consequence of his studies, which is plant on another page of this piece of work.

Among Artesia's residents is numbered J. A. Bruce, who came to the Territory in 1898, locating commencement at Roswell, just shortly afterward he removed to his present place, ii miles e of the town of Artesia. On the 1st of May, 1901, he began drilling a well and struck water on the I3th of September, 1902. This was the first deep well in the Artesia country and was a visible demonstration to people of the fact that the artesian belt crossed this locality. Later this well was constitute people began to flock in large numbers to the district and the country became thickly settled. When the well was struck in that location was only 1 petty shop and a business firm in Artesia, just at present information technology is a thriving and rapidly growing boondocks. Previous to that time Mr. Bruce had used the surrounding country equally a range for his cattle and he killed antelopes as late as 1899 on the boondocks site of Artesia. His wife and mother-in-law also took up viii hundred acres of land, two miles east of Artesia, and the family still own all of this holding. At the time the artesian well was demonstrated to exist a success Mr. Bruce ceased to appoint in stock-raising and turned his attention to farming. He has seventy acres in orchards and threescore acres in alfalfa, while birthday he has two hundred acres under cultivation. It required seventeen months to drill the well, but no other chemical element has proven so valuable a factor in the settlement and edifice of this district, and Mr. Bruce certainly deserves the gratitude of his fellow townsmen, proving that water could be obtained here and thus making possible the irrigation and fertilization of the arid soil.The many prosperous sites now found in the Pecos valley are the result of pioneering. H2o was found beneath the surface in aplenty quantities, so speedily followed a blossoming of the land with all the fruits of the clime. Merely the preliminary work involved sacrifice and toil, and the results of the present are the actual monuments commemorating what those nevertheless living labored hard to produce. It is of especial interest to find ane of the and then-chosen weaker sexual activity amid the hardy pioneer class.

But in the history of the get-go and evolution of Artesia a singular record of tribute must be paid to Mrs. Sallie 50. Robert, who was ane of the first to reside on the town site of Artesia. She is a daughter of James Chisum and the niece of John Chisum, names well known in the Territory and inseparably continued with its annals. The first settler upon the state which she after endemic was John Truitt, a Federal soldier. He sold information technology to Frank Rheinboldt, who sold eighty acres to J. R. Ray and eighty acres to Mrs. Sallie Robert on the 18th of January, 1896. On January 3Oth, in 1890, she filed on the homestead, which is at present inside the corporation limits of Artesia. In the fall of 1890 Mrs. Robert put down an artesian well one hundred and xx-four anxiety deep. This was the second well in the entire valley and the first ane in this function of the valley. She resided upon the identify as her homestead belongings from 1890, and, as she prospered in her undertakings, bought much land in this vicinity. She was for some time engaged in entertaining travelers, equally the old phase line from Carlsbad to Roswell passed past her home. In 1894 in that location was a atrophy just west of her home and in a few moments her place was nether water, the adobe house and all of its contents being destroyed. With peachy energy and decision — traits which have e'er been characteristic of the Chisum family unit — she sent to Carlsbad for material and rebuilt her dwelling house on the same spot. In those days she had zero to depend upon but her stock interests, but somewhen she acquired property interests and is today disposing of her state in city lots and also selling subcontract property for one hundred and twenty-five dollars per acre, her realty interests having greatly appreciated in value, so that she is at present reaping a very gratifying financial return equally the reward of her earlier labors and shut application. She has lived to see a expert town spring upwards hither and has benefited by the rapid evolution of the district.

James Chisum, who is extensively engaged in raising goats, which has get one of the important industries of the southwest, is located at Artesia, Eddy county. He was built-in in Hardeman county, Tennessee, September 25, 1827, and for many years was closely connected with business organisation interests with his brother, John South. Chisum, ane of the distinguished pioneer settlers and stock-raisers of the Territory, now deceased. John S. Chisum, however, preceded his blood brother to New Mexico. James Chisum has devoted his entire life to farming and live-stock interests and in 1877 came to New Mexico at the request of his blood brother. He and his two sons remained on the ranch of John Chisum until the latter'south death so connected in charge of the ranch until 1892. In that year they disposed of the cattle raising interests and James Chisum turned his attending to sheep raising industry, from which he somewhen worked into the business of raising goats, which has go an important business organization enterprise of the Territory in recent years. He has made his habitation continuously at Artesia, Eddy county, since 1892. and is regarded as 1 of the prominent and representative stock raisers and dealers in this part of the country. He has lived here from pioneer times and has non simply been a witness merely a participant in many events which have had straight and of import bearing upon the history of the Territory, its development and progress. His daughter, Mrs. Sallie L. Robert, at present lives with him.
James Chisum was married to Miss Ara Josephine Wright, who was born in Hardeman county, Tennessee, and with her parents came to New United mexican states in the year which witnessed the inflow of the Chisums. Her male parent, Dr. Wright, was of a very prominent and wealthy family. Mrs. Chisum died March I1, 1875. The children of this union arc: Mary Branch, who died in 1873 ; Sallie 50., who is the widow of William Robert and resides with her father ; Walter P.. a fariner of Roswell ; and William J., who is engaged in the real estate business organisation at Roswell.

Walter P. Chisum, the elder son, was built-in in Denton canton. Texas, September 25, 1861, and throughout his entire life has been engaged in ranching and farming, which pursuit has proved to be a profitable one. He came with his parents to Texas and for a number of years resided upon the ranch owned by his uncle, John Chisum, but at present makes his home in Roswell. On the 15th of Nov. 1887. Walter P. Chisum was married at Dodge City, Kansas, to Miss Inez 5. Simpson, and their children are: Jamie W., born February 28, 1889: and Ara B. and Oscar W., twins, born June ix. 1892. Walter Chisum is a stalwart Democrat, active and influential in the councils of his party, and has served as county commissioner of Chaves county. He is a prominent Mason, belonging to the Blue club, chapter and commandery at Roswell. to the Mystic Shrine at Albuquerque and to the Consistory of Wichita, Kansas, in which he has attained the thirty-2nd degree. His wife is prominent in the Eastern Star and for two years was matron of Roswell chapter, while from October, 1904, until October, 1905, she was thou matron of the grand chapter of New Mexico and was too a delegate to the general grand chapter at St. Louis. Missouri. William J. Chisum, the second son of James Chisum, is engaged in the real estate business in Roswell. He was born in Denton county, Texas, August 7, 1864, and is one of the nigh active of the second generation of pioneers in the Pecos valley, doing even-thing possible to develop the resources of the land and make the valley prosperous and a desirable place of residence also. He belongs to that form who have followed those who have blazed the trail and have exploited the resources and riches of the district to its vast renown and their ain profit, having the power to plan and perform and to co-ordinate powers until success has been achieved and his position in real estate circles is ane of prominence. On the 3rd of July, 1887, William J. Chisum was married in Dodge City, Kansas, to Lina Tucker, a daughter of Robert Tucker, now of Stillwater, Oklahoma, who served in the Mexican state of war. They have one daughter, Josephine Branch, born July 25. 1889.

J. C.Gage came to New Mexico in the spring of 1887, locating in the Sacramento mountains, with post office at lower Penasco. He came from Texas for the benefit of his married woman's health, simply shortly afterward was put in accuse of church piece of work as a circuit rider, preaching from White Oaks to El Paso in various school houses and churches throughout the mountainous district. He has traveled altogether for fifteen years in the Territory. He spent four years at James Canyon, one yr at Weed and in 1892 located at Hope, where he continued his ministerial labors as a preacher of the Methodist church for ten years. He has been a most valued and important factor in the moral growth and progress of the Territory, specially in its southern department, and has planted the seeds of truth in many a desolate commune. In 1902 he purchased a farm vii miles south of Artesia and in 1904 removed to the town. In 1905 he engaged in ministerial work at that place and at the same time became a factor in its business activity, purchasing the Artesia Hotel, which he conducted for some time. He was also ane of the organizers of the Banking company of Artesia, with a capital stock of 30 thousand dollars, and became its president, whatever he undertakes he carries forward to successful completion, utilizing the means at hand and bringing to his labors untiring industry, enterprise and decision. Mr. Gage was elected ane of the aldermen of Artesia on the organization of the town and held the office until April nineteen, 1906. He belongs to Artesia Lodge No. 21, A. F. & A. M., also to Artesia Gild No. eleven. L O. O. F.. of which he is vice grand. During the early years of his residence in the Territory he devoted his time to preaching the gospel as a representative of the Methodist denomination throughout the eastern office of the Territory, and in later years has done effective service for his boyfriend men by planting the seeds of civilization and promoting progress in various localities. He is most highly respected and is loved by all who know him.

David W Runyan, of Artesia, was born in Indiana, left dwelling house when thirteen years of age and went to Texas with Buffalo hunters, undergoing the usual experiences of such a life on the plains. He came to the Territory from Mason county, Texas, in the fall of 1885 with the firm of Shriner & Light, owners of big cattle interests. He collection cattle to New United mexican states and connected with the company for several years. This was the first business firm to locate on the Penasco, the appointment being the autumn of 1886, at which fourth dimension they filed the first country on this stream, where the town of Hope now stands. Prior to this period the Penasco did non catamenia through to the Pecos river, but since that yr, 1886, because of the cattle tramping down the bed of the stream, the Penasco has flowed on until information technology has reached the larger body of water. About 1890 Mr. Runyan engaged in the cattle business organisation on his own business relationship on the Penasco nigh Hope and has been thus engaged to the nowadays fourth dimension, covering a menses of sixteen years. He located 3 and a one-half miles below the present town site of Artesia in 1895 and had cattle all over the state. He now makes his headquarters at Hope, xx miles southwest of Artesia, and his onetime ranch, which toll him eighteen hundred dollars and which was located three and a half miles south of his present location, he sold for 10 k dollars. He has today two hundred and eighty acres of state adjoining the town of Hope, which he owns in connection with J. C. Gage and which constitutes a splendidly improved farm. He is a very popular and prosperous stock man, thoroughly familiar with the development of his section of the Territory, and his business organization action and energy have been resultant factors in making him i of the prosperous citizens of this locality. This is an era of town building in New Mexico and with marvelous rapidity the unsettled districts of a few years ago accept been transformed into populous villages and cities and thriving agricultural or horticultural communities. With this piece of work E. A. Clayton has been associated in recent years. He came to the Territory in 1899 and located at Roswell, whence he removed to Artesia, October six, 1903. He so purchased one hundred and threescore acres from John Boyles, who had homesteaded and commuted from the government this state, all lying westward of Rose avenue. It was first owned by Clayton & Company and subsequently the Artesia Comeback Company was organized with J. A.' Cottingham as president, S. P. Denning secretary and treasurer and Due east. A. Clayton equally managing director.

The company first laid out forty acres in town lots and after the town well was completed people came in such large numbers that the rest of the tract was subdivided into lots. At this time Mr. Clayton is engaged in locating people on the regime land effectually Artesia and the land is becoming speedily settled. He has a farm two miles southward of Artesia, where he has one hundred acres planted to alfalfa and forty acres in orchards. He is president of the Upton Lake Town Site Visitor, developing a boondocks fifty-five miles north of Roswell, the district having been platted and the town laid out. Mr. Clayton is a very successful and vigorous promoter, towns springing up under his guidance as the corn springs from the fields which take been cultivated by the farmer. His labors are of a most practical nature and always achieve results. Moreover he is a public-spirited citizen, and while promoting private success also advances the general welfare. The town of Lakewood was originally known equally McMillan. It was simply a siding placed at the time the railroad ,was congenital through in 1894. At that time or shortly afterward a store was established by T. J. Scott. The next building was a saloon put upwards by L. W. Holt and Thou. M. Hogg. This was followed by a drug store, the property of Dr. Shedloski. The post function was removed from 7 Rivers to McMillan. In 1905 a boondocks site company was organized, purchased the land from J. M. Coburn and Due east. C. Cook, and the town was laid out, being called Lakewood. The discovery of artesian water here was the motive factor in laying out the town. D. H. Burditt came to the Territory iii 1884, located at Seven Rivers and was connected with business firms in that historic old town for ii years. He then turned his attending to the stock business concern in this valley, in which he continued until 1904, when he located in Lakewood and engaged in the real manor business organization. He bought out and has since conducted the Seven Rivers Existent Estate Company. He is engaged in immigration work from the middle states and has been largely instrumental in securing many families to establish homes in this office of the Territory, his efforts being non simply a source of income to himself but of direct and permanent benefit to this section. In addition to his realty operations he is also engaged in the stock business organisation.

One thousand. Westward. Fanning, who came to the Territory from Texas in October, 1879, and served for four years as a Texas ranger in the utilise of the Alone Star state. In 1880, with Peter Corn, he located a place in the Seven Rivers country and started to better property in that location. They began concern together and both have since figured in the material evolution and progress of this portion of the Territory. Mr. Fanning has six hundred and twoscore acres of good land near Lakewood, where he is engaged in the raising of cattle, sheep and horses. He is i of the oldest of the pioneer settlers of the Pecos valley and has remained in the Seven Rivers land since coming to the Territory more than than a quarter of a century agone. He is now well known as an extensive stockman of large and profitable business organisation interests. Peter Corn, of Lakewood, who came to the Territory in the fall of 1879, located a identify two and a one-half miles southwest of the erstwhile boondocks of Seven Rivers in the spring of 1880, at which time there were simply four families living there, and this was the only settlement between Roswell and the Texas line on the west side of the Pecos river. In 1882 Mr. Corn engaged in the sheep business organization, in which he continued until the bound of 1888, when he removed to Promise. There he resided until 1896 and was connected with stock-raising interests until 1903, when he began farming here. He has v hundred and sixty acres of rich and productive land and his labors are demonstrating the possibilities of the locality for successful farming operations. Mr. Corn is well known as a pioneer settler and one highly respected.

W. P. B. Willburn has been closely associated with the history of the Territory and deserves mention by reason of the fact that he and his brother. Frank Willburn. brought one of the first droves of cattle to this country in 1867. Mr. Willburn returned in 1872 and with his brother located on a ranch where the town of Roswell now stands. They had an onetime adobe habitation, a storehouse and shops across from the nowadays location of the court firm and they remained hither in the cattle business until 1878. when the "Lincoln county state of war" was waged, when they left the Territory and returned to Texas. In the days of their early residence in the Territory there was not a ranch between Roswell and St. Angelo, Texas. In 1895 W. P. B. Willburn returned to the Territory from Texas and located near Promise, where he now lives, his place being nearly four miles east of the boondocks. He has a skillful belongings, which he has brought under a high state of cultivation and improved with many modern equipments and good buildings.

"Linn" J. C. Richards came to New Mexico in 1898 from Texas and located in Hope settlement below the town of Hope, where he engaged in the stock concern. In 1903 he removed to his nowadays place, a mile and a half w of Promise. Here he has an excellent farm property, owning altogether five hundred and sixty acres of valuable land, which responds readily to cultivation. He has 90 acres devoted to various crops and in addition 15 acres is planted to alfalfa, while a fine orchard covers twenty- four acres. Mr. Richards, Mr. Riley and Mr. Read were the first men to ship apples by machine-load from Promise, making the get-go shipment in 1904, and in 1905 the shipment reached fourteen car loads. Mr. Richards is doing much to demonstrate the possibilities of this locality as a fruit-producing heart and is thus contributing to his own success and at the same time leading the way that others may follow and enjoy the benefits of horticultural development and progress in this function of the country. Joseph T. Fanning, one of the oldest and well-nigh substantial citizens of the Territory, now farming near Hope with a property embracing iii hundred and twenty acres of country, came to New United mexican states from Texas in 1880 and located at Seven Rivers. He engaged in business there for virtually fifteen years and was too prominent and influential in customs affairs. He was serving as deputy sheriff nether Pat Garrett at the time when Billy the Kid was leading his band of lawless followers in many depredations, simply to exist ultimately apprehended by Garrett.

In 1900 Mr. Fanning came to the Hope settlement and located at his present place, which he purchased of W. F. Daugherity. He has three hundred and twenty acres of land, which he is bringing under a high state of cultivation. While in Texas he served for two years as a Texas Ranger. He was county assessor of Eddy canton in 1901-02, and is ane of the oldest and nearly substantial citizens of the Territory, working toward those ends which are of permanent do good in the Territory'southward development. W. P. Riley came to the Territory in the autumn of 1887 and spent the winter at La Luz. In the fall of that year the Penasco went through to the Pecos, and in 1888 the first ditch was taken out of Penasco by John A. Beckett.

It was also in the autumn of 1888 that Mr. Riley filed on his nowadays place, 2 and a quarter miles west of Hope. He has four hundred acres hither, including a large orchard and fine fields of alfalfa. The orchard covers xv acres and he produces some excellent fruit. He has raised some pears weighing two pounds each. Mr. Riley is a very progressive citizen, constantly seeking out new methods for improvement and advancement, and is ane the prominent and influential men of the community. Recently he has established an machine line from Artesia to Hope, with two machines. He is in touch with mod advocacy and has conducted his interests along lines of improvement which make him a leader in the movements.

Robert Weems Tansill, who was very active and prominent as a promoter of the Pecos valley, his business organisation enterprise, capacity and diligence contributing in substantial measure to its development and settlement, fabricated his abode at Carlsbad, where he passed away Dec 29, 1902. He was born August 2O, 1844, in Prince William county, Virginia, and was the only child of Robert and Fanny (Weems) Tansill. In the maternal line he was a straight descendant of Mason Lock Weems, a well-known historian of the Revolution and the author of the Life of Washington. It was he who wrote the hatchet story. He was too an Episcopalian clergyman, having accuse of the church building at Alexandria, Virginia, virtually Mount Vernon, of which General Washington was a communicant. Robert Due west. Tansill was educated at Alexandria, Virginia, and in Georgetown University, at Georgetown, District of Columbia. In the spring of 1861 he accompanied his maternal grandparents to Illinois, and presently afterward went into business organisation at Clayton, engaging in the confectionery trade and the jobbing of cigars. On the list of January, 1867, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary Due east. Motter, and in 1868 they removed to Chicago, where he connected successfully in business organisation until the disastrous fire which swept over the urban center in October, 1871. He lost everything but his determination and enterprise, and he soon afterward resumed business organisation, confining his attending exclusively to the cigar trade. Shortly after he originated the "Punch" cigar, which won him fame and fortune. Information technology proved to be a ready seller and the demand for it was so cracking that he had to increase his working forces in order to meet the telephone call of the trade. He was the originator of the premium method of advertisement. Through the acquit of his cigar business organization he accumulated a large fortune, but overwork and an inherited trend to pulmonary disease undermined his health, and then that he had to retire from business in 1887.
He visited the most celebrated wellness resorts of America and of Europe, and in 1888, while in Colorado Springs, he met C. W. Greene, of Chicago, and through him became interested in the Pecos valley. He was ane of a large number of Chicago people Mr. Greene piloted to the valley in September, 1888, and from this visit resulted the original Pecos Irrigation and Improvement Visitor. It was Mr. Tansill who kickoff interested J. J. Hagerman in the Pecos valley. When the money shortage of 1893 to 1897 irretrievably embarrassed the erstwhile irrigation company, Mr. Tansill was appointed receiver, July 19, 1898, and it was nearly wholly due to his efforts that the affairs of the company were straightened out successfully and put upon a paying basis. In 1888, when the political party of Chicagoans arrived in this country, in that location was zippo here but prairie dogs, jack rabbits and wild, open state. The party camped at the Eddy Brothers' ranch, the- stone house, which was located about two miles northward of Carlsbad.

At that time C. R. Eddy, who afterward became a promoter of this country, was engaged in the cattle business. While talking to Mrs. Tansill he told her that information technology was the intention of several people of the locality to kickoff a boondocks, and she suggested that the proposed village be called Eddy. This was done, but in afterward years Mrs. Tansill suggested that the town be chosen Carlsbad, from the fact that some springs had been discovered about the town, and they were chosen Carlsbad from the famous springs of Deutschland. Mrs. Tansill agitated this change until it was finally adopted by a vote of the people. A circular, " To the Citizens of Eddy," by R. W. Tansill, furnishes the following historical facts and arguments: named 'Eddy.' The desirability of irresolute the name has been discussed e'er since the curative properties of our springs accept been demonstrated. " About a yr ago the proper name of 'Carlsbad' was proposed for our metropolis. It struck me at once as existence not only appropriate, but suggestive as well, op to that fourth dimension our celebrated 'Carlsbad Springs' had been known as 'Tansill Springs.' No, I volition not say known, for every bit 'Tansill Springs' no 1 ever gave them a second thought. I suggested applying the name of 'Carlsbad' to the springs, owing to the resemblance of the waters to those of their German namesake. Information technology was done, and the effect has been electrical. I certainly meant no reflection upon the proper name of Tansill by removing it from the springs, to which it did not apply, any more than than do I hateful whatsoever reflection upon the name of Eddy past favoring the name of Carlsbad vs. Eddy. But before forming a definite opinion I tested the name of 'Carlsbad,' as explained, and the results accept thoroughly convinced me that the name of Tansill equally applied to the springs was as great a mistake as it would be, in the light of experience, to continue the name of Boil for our city. " What has been our experience? Briefly stated, since September, 1888, more than $10,000,000 take been invested here, approximately as follows : Over $five,000,000 in the railroad, over $2.500,000 in the P. I. & I. Visitor, and the remainder in other companies and by private individuals.
Requite united states people and our prosperity is bodacious. If whatever one volition tell me how we can secure them, except through united effort and advertising, I shall exist glad to learn. Since our town was named, the curative properties of these springs accept been demonstrated. I believe this fact to be worth millions of dollars to this town and valley, if properly advertised. Such a boon rarely falls to the lot of any community, and certainly no people inheriting such a valuable curative amanuensis should, for one moment, hesitate about giving information technology the widest publicity possible. With these facts before the states, I inquire, practise y'all consider it wise to continue for our town a name that has neither meaning or significance, and one which we do not and tin can non advantageously annunciate? Personally, I would distinctly say no. The major portion of my life has been devoted to applied advertising, and after a most thorough and exhaustive investigation I am convinced that the proposed modify of name will bring with it inestimable benefits and support which will greatly stimulate every business interest of this boondocks and valley." Since the death of Mr. Tansill his married woman has conducted the business affairs left by him, and has continued in the work which her married man began of promoting the Carlsbad land, inducing immigration and advancing its interests through the development of its cloth resources.

Will H. Merchant, living in Carlsbad, is deputy canton treasurer of Eddy county. He is a son of Clabourn West. Merchant, a pioneer cattleman of New United mexican states and Arizona, who resides in Texas. The son was born in Denton county, Texas, November 1, 1874, and was reared in the Lonely Star state. Having acquired his education, he spent five years in the cattle industry in the Indian Territory, and since February, 1897, has resided in Eddy county, relieve for the brief catamenia of 1 year spent in ranching in Northward Dakota. In his political views Mr. Merchant is an hostage Democrat, and since February, 1904, has filled the office of county treasurer, in which position he is found to exist prompt, methodical and reliable. He is a Mason, belonging to Carlsbad Lodge No. 21, A. F. & A. M., and in the customs where he resides he has a wide and favorable social acquaintance.

Due west. F. Daugherity, engaged in farming, with 3 hundred and sixty acres of good farming land about Dayton, and also owning a half interest in a forty-acre addition to the boondocks site, is prospering in both branches of his business organisation. He came to the Territory in 1883 from Texas and located at Las Vegas, where he remained for a year. In 1884 he removed to Lincoln county, settling on Benito, near Fort Stanton, while in 1885 he removed to James canyon, on one of the heads of the Penasco. He was the start man to put a board roof on a house in that coulee. In 1892 he removed to Hope and built the third business firm in that settlement. Making his headquarters in that location, he had sheep over the valley and was successfully and extensively engaged in the sheep-raising industry until the autumn of 1900, when he sold out. In 1901, notwithstanding, he again engaged in the sheep concern as a partner of George Beckett, with whom he continued until he disposed of his interests in January, 1905. In 1897 Mr. Daugherity took up his domicile upon his nowadays place near the town of Dayton and purchased the holding in 1901. Since disposing of his sheep he has been engaged in farming here, having 3 hundred and sixty acres of cultivable state, from which he is now producing good crops. He is also interested in the Dayton town site, owning a half involvement in a twoscore-acre addition thereto. His property is valuable and is existence speedily adult. He has slap-up faith in the future of this country, and that his trust is well placed is indicated past the rapid rise in realty values and the substantial fashion in which the work of agronomical and horticultural development and of stock-raising is being carried forward. [Source: History of New Mexico; Pacific States Publishing Company, 1907; tr by GT host]

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